2024年10月notverticallyconstrained（论文摘要中文翻译英文）

　　⑴notverticallyconstrained（论文摘要中文翻译英文

　　⑵论文摘要中文翻译英文

　　⑶IndependentsightseeingvehicleappearancedesignSummaryTouristtouristareas,scenicareas,touristareas,parksandotherplacesforpleasuresightseeingcarsareultimatelyameansoftransport.Buttheexistingfixed-touristvehiclesaredrivingby,touristsusuallydonotknowsittingaround,theatmospherewillbeveryembarrassingattimesunfortable,butalsowiththetouriststhemselveswillnotbesightseeingtourroute.Thestudyofthesubjectistheself-helptourismvehicleexteriordesign,mainlybytouristsintheself-controltotheformofrentalplacesopentotheuseof,apersoncansitinthecarwithoutbindingthepletionofthetouristtravelcanalsofollowtheirownlineoftravel.Thetopicforthecarbycartostartself-helptourism,themaindemandoftheuseoftouristsandtheuseoffort,designthemasmuchaspossibletomeettheneedsofpassengers.Fromthisresearchweretounderstandtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofexistingtouristvehicles,summinguptheadvantagesanddisadvantagestofindthedesigndirectionoftheproductspecificdesign,theuseofthissitepositioningtouristcitycarpark.Keywords:fortmachinepark

　　⑷英语高级视听说Unitthenewspscerace答案

　　⑸UnitThenewspaceraceAplantobuildtheworld’sfirstairportforlaunchingmercialspacecraftinNewMexicoisthelatestdevelopmentinthenewspacerace,araceamongprivatepaniesandbillionaireentrepreneurstocarrypayingpassengersintospaceandtokick-startanewindustry,astrotourism.Themanwhoisleadingtheracemaynotbefamiliartoyou,buttoastronauts,pilots,andaeronauticalengineers–basicallytoanyonewhoknowsanythingaboutaircraftdesign–BurtRutanisalegend,anaeronauticalengineerwhoselatestaircraftistheworld’sfirstprivatespaceship.AshetoldMinutescorrespondentEdBradleywhenhefirstmethimalittleoverayearago,ifhisideaflies,somedayspacetravelmaybecheapenoughandsafeenoughforordinarypeopletogowhereonlyastronautshavegonebefore.TheWhiteKnightisaratherunusuallookingaircraft,builtjustforthepurposeofcarryingarocketplanecalledSpaceShipOne,thefirstspacecraftbuiltbyprivateenterprise.WhiteKnightandSpaceShipOnearethelatestcreationsofBurtRutan.They’repartofhisdreamtodevelopamercialtravelbusinessinspace.“Therewillbeanewindustry.Andwearejustnowinabeginning.Iwillpredictthatinoryears,therewillbetensofthousands,maybeevenhundredsofthousandsofpeoplethatfly,andseethatblacksky,“saysRutan.OnJune,,WhiteKnighttookofffromanairstripinMojave,Calif.,carryingRutan’sspaceship.Ittookminutestoreachthelaunchaltitudeof,feet.Oncethere,theWhiteKnightcrewpreparedtoreleasethespaceshipone.ThefierceaelerationslammedMikeMelvill,thepilot,backinhisseat.HeputSpaceShipOneintoanearverticaltrajectory,until,asplanned,thefuelranout.Stillclimbinglikeaspentbullet,Melvillhopedtogainasmuchaltitudeaspossibletoreachspacebeforetheshipbeganfallingbacktoearth.Bythetimethespaceshiponereachedtheendofitsclimb,itwasmilesoffcourse.Butithad,justbarely,reachedanaltitudeofjustovermiles—theinternationallyrecognizedboundaryofspace.ItwasthenewsRutanhadbeenwaitingfor.FallingbacktoEarthfromanaltitudeofmiles,SpaceShipOne’stiltingwing,arevolutionaryinnovationcalledthefeather,causedtherocketplaopositionitselfforarelativelybenignre-entryandturnedthespaceshipintoaglider.SpaceShipOneglidedtoaflawlesslandingbeforeacrowdofthousands.“AfterthatJuneflight,IfeltlikeIwasfloatingaroundandjustonceinawhiletouchingtheground,“remembersRutan.“Wehadanoperablespaceplane.“Rutan’s“operablespaceplane“wasbuiltbyapanywithonlyemployeesatacostofjust$million.Hebelieveshissuesshasendedthegovernment’smonopolyonspacetravel,andopenedituptotheordinarycitizen.“Iconcludedthatforaffordabletraveltohappen,thelittleguyhadtodoitbecausehehadtheincentiveforabusiness,“saysRutan.DoesRutanviewthisasabusinessventureoratechnologicalchallenge?“It’satechnologicalchallengefirst.Andit’sadreamIhadwhenIwas,“hesays.Rutanstartedbuildingmodelairplaneswhenhewassevenyearsold,inDyenuba,Calif.,wherehegrewup.“Iwasfascinatedbyputtingbalsawoodtogetherandseehowitwouldfly,“heremembers.“AndwhenIstartedhavingthecapabilitytodocontestsandactuallywinatrophybymakingabettermodel,thenIwashooked.“He’sbeenhookedeversince.Hedesignedhisfirstairplaneinandflewitfouryearslater.Sincethenhisairplaneshavebeeknownfortheirstunninglooks,innovativedesignandtechnologicalsophistication.Rutanbegandesigningaspaceshipnearlyadecadeago,aftersettingupsetuphisownaeronauticalresearchanddesignfirm.Bytheyear,hehadturnedhisdesignsintomodelsandwastestingthemoutsidehisoffice.“WhenIgottothepointthatIknewthatIcouldmakeasafespaceshipthatwouldflyamannedspacemission--whenIsay,’I,’notthegovernment,ourlittleteam--ItoldPaulAllen,’Ithinkwecandothis.’Andheimmediatelysaid,’Gowithit.’“PaulAllenco-foundedMicrosoftandisoneoftherichestmenintheworld.Hisdecisiontopump$millionintoRutan’spany,Scaledposites,wasthevoteofconfidencethathisengineersneededtoproceed.“Thatwasaheckofachallengetoputinfrontofsomepeoplelikeus,wherewe’retold,’Well,youcan’tdothat.Youwannasee?Wecandothis,“saysPeteSebold.WorkonWhiteKnightandSpaceShipOnestartedfouryearsagoinsecret.Bothaircraftwerecustommadefromscratchbyateamofengineersusinglayersoftoughcarbonfabricgluedtogetherwithepoxy.Designedtobelight-weight,SpaceShipOnecanwithstandthestressofre-entrybecauseoftheradicalwayitesbackintotheatmosphere,likeabadmintonshuttlecockorabirdie.HeshowedMinuteshowitworks.“Featheringthewingiskindofadramaticthing,inthatitchangesthewholeconfigurationoftheairplane,“heexplains.“Andthisisdoneinspace,okay?It’sdoneafteryouflyintospace.““Wehavedonesixreentries.Threeofthemfromspaceandthreeofthemfromloweraltitudes.Andsomeofthemhaveevenedownupsidedown.Andtheairplanebyitselfstraightensitselfrightup,“RutanexplainsBySeptember,Rutanwasreadyforhisnextchallenge:anattempttowina$millionprizetobethefirsttoflyaprivatelyfundedspacecraftintospace,anddoittwiceintwoweeks.“AfterwehadflowntheJuneflight,andwehadreachedthegoalofourprogram,thenthemostimportantthingwastowinthatprize,“saysRutan.ThatprizewastheAnsariXPrize–anextraordinarypetitioncreatedintostimulateprivateinvestmentinspace.Thefirstofthetwoflightswaspiloted,onceagain,byMikeMelvill.September’sflightputMelville’sskillandtrainingtothetest.Ashewasclimbingoutoftheatmosphere,thespacecraftsuddenlywentintoaseriesofrolls.Howconcernedwashe?“Well,IthoughtIcouldworkitout.I’mveryconfidentwhenI’mflyingaplanewhenI’vegotthecontrolsinmyhand.IalwaysbelievedIcanfixthisnomatterhowbaditgets,“saysMelville.SpaceShipOnerolledtimesbeforeheregainedcontrol.Theremainderoftheflightwaswithoutincident,andMelvillmadethe-minuteglidebacktotheMojaveairport.ThelandingonthatSeptemberafternoonwasflawless.BecauseRutanwantedtoattemptthesecondrequiredflightjustfourdayslater,theengineershadlittletimetofindoutwhathadgonewrong.Working-hourshifts,theydiscoveredtheydidn’tneedtofixthespacecraft,justthewayinwhichthepilotsflewit.Forthesecondflight,itwastestpilotBrianBinnie’sturntoflySpaceShipOne.Thespaceshipflewupwardonaperfecttrajectory,breakingthroughtospace.Rutan’sSpaceShipOnehadflowntospacetwiceintwoweeks,capturedtheXPrizeworth$million,andwonbraggingrightsoverthespaceestablishment.“YouknowIwaswonderingwhattheyarefeeling,’They’beingthatotherspaceagency,“Rutansayslaughing.“Youknow,quitefrankly,Ithinkthebigguys,theBoeings,theLockheeds,thenay-saypeopleatHouston,Ithinkthey’relookingateachothernowandsaying’We’rescrewed!’Because,I’lltellyousomething,Ihaveahellofalotbiggergoalthantheydo!““Theastronautssaythatthemostexcitingexperienceisfloatingaroundinaspacesuit,“saysRutan,showingoffhisownplans.“ButIdon’tagree.Aspacesuitisanawfulthing.Itconstrainsyouandithasnoisyfansrunning.Nowlookoverhere.It’squiet.Andyou’reoutherewatchingtheworldgobyinwhatyoumightcalla’spiritualdome.’Well,that,tome,isbetterthanaspacesuitbecauseyou’renotconstrained.“Healsohasavisionforaresorthotelinspace,andsaysitallcouldbeaomplishedintheforeseeablefuture.Rutanbelievesitisthedawnofanewera.Heexplains,“Ithinkwe’veprovennowthatthesmallguyscanbuildaspaceshipandgotospace.Andnotonlythat,we’veconvincedarichguy,averyrichguy,toetothiscountryandbuildaspaceprogramtotakeeverydaypeopletospace.“That“richguy“isRichardBranson,theEnglishbillionairewhoownsVirginAtlanticAirlines.Bransonhassigneda$milliondealwithRutantobuildfivespaceshipsforpayingcustomers.Named“VirginGalactic,“itwillbetheworld’sfirst“spaceline.“Flightsareexpectedtobeginin.“Webelievebyflyingtensofthousandsofpeopletospace,andmakingthataprofitablebusiness,thatthatwillleadintoaffordableorbitaltravel,“saysRutan.Rutanthinksthere“absolutely“isamarketforthis.Withticketsinitiallygoingfor$,,themarketislimited.Nevertheless,VirginGalacticsays,peoplehaveputdownadepositforaseat,andofthosehavepaidthefull$,.ButRutanhasanothervision.“Thegoalisaffordabletravelabovelow-Earthorbit.Inotherwords,affordabletravelforustogotothemoon.Affordabletravel.ThatmeansnotjustNASAastronauts,butthousandsofpeoplebeingabletogotothemoon,“hesays.“I’dliketogo.Wouldn’tyou?“

　　⑹theyarecalledantiques什么意思

　　⑺根据句子的语义来理解的.或者你从distinguish和detected等词来判断,就很容易看出来了

　　⑻以自由为主体的英文短文

　　⑼Thefreedomisthematterwhichyoumaymakeitselftowanttodo,isnotbutbigtoothers’influence.thefreedomisinthehome,youmaynotconstrainednotneedputingonclothestowalk,innaturalfamilyonlythenyou.(aeptsalittlewithdifficulty?)thefreedomisyourwork,isyourjoyfulsource,henceforthdoesnotneedtofireanemployeecares.thefreedomisforowngoal,pursuesdiligently.thefreedomislovesforoneself,theneverwordgivesup.thefreedomistheendeavorwhichstrugglesforthelife,eachpeoplethought.theabsolutefreedom,hasnothadtheabsoluterestraint.意思：自由是你可以作自己想作的事，但对别人的影响不大。自由是在家，你可以毫无拘束的不用穿衣行走，当然家中只有你自己。（有点难以接受？自由是你的工作，就是你的快乐之源，从此不必为炒鱿鱼而在意。自由是为了自己的目标，努力追求。自由是为自己所爱，永不言放弃。自由是为自己一生而奋斗的努力，每个人都想。没有绝对的自由，没有绝对的约束。

　　⑽图.-特写镜头铁梁以领连接（并列束截的距离。准备由奥雅纳。...脚刹车该轮挡是参照固体元素在楼的衣领只，由于在第轮挡地板不会被部署在事故发生的时间。该模型?°?楼塞满要素约束各自的楔子外壳。无预紧力已被应用到轮挡，即它们都被假定为刚刚接触塔。虽然轮挡可能已预装在现实中，预负荷水平目前还不清楚。该材料性能的轮挡假定表可以看出，在.和.。刚体约束系梁（切离楼钢领系梁卢格板（切离铰接连接图.-楼领和脚刹车观。由奥雅纳工程顾问准备。...楼铁梁三楼搭梁已与连接回梁元素来模拟到固定点对应的建设和约束水平（X和Y来塔，即自由滑动垂直（见图。本节的属性是根据鞍钢梁类型Wx，线性材料已假设（见表.和.。...楼铁梁第层系梁和底板采用壳单元进行了建模，如图图.和.。

　　⑾汽车悬架组成我主要是要完成这些翻译，如果你能翻译就太好了

　　⑿Swingaxle摆动臂式车桥旋启式axle摆动臂式车桥Slidingpillar滑动极滑动pillar滑动极MacPhersonstrut/Chapmanstrut契布曼麦弗逊式前独立支撑/·查普曼strut契布曼UpperandlowerA-arm(doublewishbone)上部和下部A-arm(双横臂)multi-linksuspension多连杆悬架suspension多连杆悬架多semi-trailingarmsuspension摘要对半拖臂悬架swingingarm摆动手臂的leafsprings叶片弹簧Transverseleafspringswhenusedasasuspensionlink,orfourquarterellipticsononeendofacararesimilartowishbonesingeometry,butaremorepliant.ExamplesarethefrontoftheoriginalFiat,thePanhardDynaZandtheearlyexamplesofPeugeotandthebackoftheACAceandACAceca.横向单独使用弹簧悬架链接,或者四季度在一结束elliptics相似的一辆车wishbones几何,但是比较兼容。的例子是前的原始菲亚特强,安初动的例子Z标致和后面的交流空间和交流Aceca。Becausethewheelsarenotconstrainedtoremainperpendiculartoaflatroadsurfaceinturning,brakingandvaryingloadconditions,controlofthewheelcamber弧形;曲弧度isanimportantissue.Swingingarmwasmoninsmallcarsthatweresprungsoftlyandcouldcarrylargeloads,becausethecamberisindependentofload.Someactiveandsemi-activesuspensionsmaintaintherideheight,andthereforethecamber,independentofload.Insportscars,optimalcamberchangewhenturningismoreimportant.因为车轮是不要拘泥保持垂直于表面平坦道路车削、制动和变负荷条件下,掌控方向盘的弧形,曲弧度is曲面的重要课题。摆臂是很普遍的,在小排量汽车的出现,轻柔,可以携带大量荷载作用,因为眉形独立于负载。一些主动和半主动悬架保持骑高度,因此弯曲,独立于负载。在运动车,最佳曲面变化转弯的时候更重要。Historically,thefirstmassproductioncarwithfronttorearmechanicalinterconnectedsuspensionwastheCitro?nCV.ThesuspensionoftheCVwasextremelysoft—ithadlowrollstiffness,butitspitchstiffnesswasincreasedbyusinganinterconnectedsuspension.Theleadingarm/trailingarmswingingarm,fore-aftlinkedsuspensionsystemtogetherwithinboardfrontbrakeshadamuchsmallerunsprungweightthanexistingcoilspringorleafdesigns.Theinterconnectiontransmittedsomeoftheforcedeflectingafrontwheelupoverabump,topushtherearwheeldownonthesameside.Whentherearwheelmetthatbumpamomentlater,itdidthesameinreverse,keepingthecarlevelfronttorear.TheCVhadadesignbrieftobeabletobedrivenatspeedoveraploughedfield.Itoriginallyfeaturedfrictiondampersandtunedmassdampers.Latermodelshadtunedmassdampersatthefrontwithtelescopicdampers/shockabsorbersfrontandrear.从历史上看,的第一次大规模生产的汽车,机械或后翻前床互联悬架CV雪铁龙年。CV歇业登记非常柔软的——它们轧辊刚度,但其音量刚度增加了使用互连悬挂。领导臂/跟踪的手臂摆动手臂的,fore-aft悬架系统内一起与前面有一个更小的unsprung刹车的体重比现有的弹簧或叶片的设计。互连传播的篮板球的一些力量前轮陷入了肿块,推动后轮下来站在同一边。当后轮见到那撞一会儿,同样是反过来,保持汽车水平或后翻前床。有CV的设计简介可以驱动速度在耕过的田里。它最初出现摩擦阻尼器质量阻尼器和调节。后来模型的调整了质量阻尼器上的前伸缩器/减震器前方和后方。Someofthelastpost-warPackardmodelsalsofeaturedinterconnectedsuspension.TheoriginalMiniandsomemorerecentBritishLeylandmodelsalsofeaturedinterlinking,whenfittedwithMoulton’sHydrolasticorHydragassuspensions.一些过去的战后派克模型还提供了一些互联悬挂。这种原始微型和一些最近也参加了英国利兰车厂模型interlinking,当装有与以往产品的Hydrolastic或Hydragas停赛。Theshockabsorbersdampoutthe(otherwiseresonant)motionsofavehicleupanddownonitssprings.Theyalsomustdampoutmuchofthewheelbouncewhentheunsprungweightofawheel,hub,axleandsometimesbrakesanddifferentialbouncesupanddownonthespringinessofatire.Theregularbumpsfoundondirtroads(nicknamed“corduroy“,butproperlycorrugationsorwashboarding)arecausedbythiswheelbounce.潮湿的减振器的(否则谐振)运动车辆的弹簧上下。他们也必须潮湿的大部分的车轮unsprung体重反弹的轮,集线器,轴,有时刹车和微分反弹上下轮胎的粘合。定期撞发现在灰尘道路(绰号“灯芯绒”,但他妥善corrugations或washboarding)是由于这车轮反弹。吸振器吸振器

　　⒀notintheleast是什么意思

　　⒁notintheleast

　　⒂意思：毫无；一点也不

　　⒃例句：We?feel?quite?free?and?easy?with?him,?not?in?the?least?constrained.

　　⒄跟他在一起很随便，一点儿也不拘束。

　　⒅adj.最小的；最少的（little的最高级；最不重要的，地位最低的

　　⒆least是形容词little的最高级形式,基本意思是“最小的,最少的”,指某物在数量或体积上处于最小的状态。有时含有“即使最小的,哪怕最少的”的意思。

　　⒇least在句中主要用作定语,偶尔也可用作表语。

　　⒈least须与定冠词连用,用作定语时,多修饰不可数名词。

　　⒉least用作副词时的意思是“最少,最小”,指某事已经达到了最低限度。

　　⒊least?ofall意为“尤其”,通常用于否定句,当least?ofall用于句首时,须取倒装语序;当least?ofall放在句中时,可以省去相应的谓语动词。

　　⒋notinthe?least中的in有时可以省略,但很少见。

　　⒌杭州萧山晚上哪里有好玩的地方

　　⒍杭州萧山晚上可以逛夜市：育才路夜市（东西很便宜和开元美食城，人民广场，江寺公园。

　　⒎萧山为杭州地级市。公元年始建县，始称余暨，唐代天宝元年改现名，一直沿用至今。地处中国最富庶长三角，钱塘江南。萧山成名早于西湖(门票)，傍水依山，襟江带湖，以风景秀丽而著称。萧山拥有大型的旅游主题公园“杭州乐园(门票)”，参与其中可欣赏到快艇冲浪、沙滩寻宝、彩船大游行、花样滑水表演等节目。

　　⒏萧山白天可以去的景点有：杭州乐园，极地海洋公园，湘湖。购物的地方有：恒隆广场，市心广场，花鸟市场

　　⒐杭州乐园位于萧山城西，是长三角综合性主题公园，以“主题突出、晴雨皆宜、老少同乐”为设计理念，由玛雅部落、冒险岛、失落丛林、童话王国、杭州乐园水公园、杭州乐园滑雪馆、吴越古城、杭州乐园大剧院、杭州乐园生态园九大区块组成。围绕杭州历史，以吴越争霸、西施范蠡爱情故事为主线，演绎一曲荡气回肠的春秋绝恋，成为宋城(门票)股份继大型歌舞《宋城千古情》之后推出的又一力作。

　　⒑跨湖桥遗址博物馆坐落于湘湖景区南岸，是一座综合反映跨湖桥遗址考古发掘和研究成果的专题类博物馆。博物馆占地亩，建筑面积平方米，展陈区域由“八千年回首”主题陈列和遗址保护厅组成，建筑总体以船为造型。年月日正式对外开放。镇馆之宝是其中年发掘出土的独木舟，经碳十四测定，独木舟是已发现的世界上年代最早的独木舟。

　　⒒vertically是什么意思

　　⒓vertically英adv.垂直地；直立地；陡峭地；在顶点垂直地；直立地；竖直地双语例句.Youcanmovethecamerabothverticallyandhorizontally.你可以上下左右移动摄像机。.Lihepagesforthegraphbothhorizontallyandvertically.在这几页上同时画上横线和竖线,以便制作图表..Thehumanbrainisdividedverticallydownthemiddleintotwohemispheres.人脑从中央垂直地分为两半球..Unlikesomebirds,itdoesnotdivevertically.和一些鸟不一样,这种鸟不垂直向下飞..Thedishnowhadtobeliftedverticallybecauseoneedgewasrestingagainstthesideofthecanal.现在必须垂直着提升馅饼盘,因为盘的一边靠在运河的侧面上.

　　⒔GEOLOGYOFTHEHEYUANBASIN

　　⒕ThegeologicalsettingherepresentedissummarizedfromBureauofGeologyandMineralResourcesofGuangdongProvince（andZhangetal.（inreview.TheHeyuanBasinisafaultbasin，whichwascontrolledbythemaingeologicalstructuresoftheHeyuanMajorFault（Fig..TheHeyuanMajorFaultwascausedbytheIndosinianMovement，whichtookplaceatthecloseofmid-Triassic，formingaseriesoflargelyNNE-andNE-trendingfoldsinmid-Triassicandolderstratainpanywithfaulting，magmatismandmetamorphism.ItwasalsodeformedintheYanshanianMovement.ThestphaseofYanshanianMovementourredattheendoftheEarlyJurassic.Inthemid-Jurassic，lacustrineclasticsandvolcanicsfilledfaultbasinsineasternGuangdong，formingtheZhangpingFormation，whereasinthenorthernpartofthisprovince，theequivalentstratumistheMazipingGroupoftheintermontanebasinfacies.ThendphaseofYanshanianMovementourredattheendofmid-Jurassic，givingrisetoabroadopenfoldinginvolvingtheMid-Jurassicandolderstrataaompaniedbymagmaticactivityandmetamorphismonconsiderablescale.WithfurtherstrengtheningofplatesubductionintheLateJurassic，therdphaseofYanshanianMovementtookplace.Thus，manydeepandlargefaultsinthisprovincebecameactiveagaininpanywiththeneogenicfaults，formingwidespreadNE-trendingvolcaniczones.ThiseruptiveactivityisespeciallyintenseandwidespreadinthecoastalareaofeasternGuangdong.ThethandthphasesofYanshanianMovement，ourringattheendsofEarlyandLateCretaceousrespectively，werebothaompaniedbyvolcanismandplutonism，buttheintensitywasmuchlowerthanthatoftheLateJurassicigneousactivity，suggestingthattheYanshanianMovementwastheninitswaningstage.IntheEarlyJurassic，withthesubductionoftheKula-PacificPlateundertheEurasianPlate，theseainvadedcentralandnorthernGuangdong，leadingtotheextensivesedimentationofmarinedepositsoftheJinjiFormation（BureauofGeologyandMineralResourcesofGuangdongProvince，.AttheendofLateJurassic，large-scaledplutonismtookplace，resultinginthehigh-temperature，andlow-pressuremetamorphiczoneandamigmatitezonealongChangle-Nan’aodeepfaultzone.BeginningwiththeEarlyCretaceous，thisprovinceenteredatectonicstageofrelativerelaxation，broughtaboutbytheappearanceofaseriesofmedium-tosmall-sizedfaultbasinscontrolledbytensilefaults.Atthesametime，asuiteofredclasticswithvolcanicswaslaiddowninthebasins.ThissedimentationcontinuedintotheLateCretaceouswhenagypsum-andsalt-bearingred-coloredsequencewasformed（BureauofGeologyandMineralResourcesofGuangdongProvince，.

　　⒖Fig.MapofthepositionofthestratigraphicsectioninnorthernHeyuanBasin

　　⒗HeyuanBasinisoneofthetenbasinsinGuangdongProvince，andoupiesaboutkm，consistingoftheUpperCretaceousandLowerTertiarydeposits（Zhangetal.，inreview.Itextendsfromthesouthwesttothenortheast.Itisanirregular“S”shape.ThenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasiniscrescent-like，inanorth-northeastdirection，andislocatedinnorthofDatangpuvillage，whichisasuburbonthenorthernsideoftheHeyuanBasin.Thenorthernpartofthebasiniskmlongfromnorthtosouth，～kmwidefromeasttowest，aboutkm.TheHeyuanMajorFaultislocatedatthenorthwestside，andanortheastorientedreversefaultisfoundontheeastside.Thestrikeofthebedsisnorth-north-east，andtheangleoftheinclinationis°～°.Duetothelong-termactivityoftheHeyuanMajorFaultonthenorthwestside，thesedimentationcenterisinclinedtothewestsideofthebasinanditshiftscontinuouslyfromthesoutheasttothenorthwest，formingamonoclinalbasin，whichdipstothenorthwest.ThethicknessoftheCretaceous-PaleocenestrataofthenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasinreachesmorethanm.ThesesedimentsareinunconformableandfaultcontactwiththeJinjiFormationoftheEarlyJurassicandthethirdstageofYanshaniangranite（Fig..

　　⒘TheredbedsoftheCretaceousandPaleoceneinthenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasinareaseriesofcoarseredcoloredclasticrocks，characterizedbyconglomerates，sandygravels，andmatureheterogranularsandstoneswithgranulegravel.Inascendingorder，theyaredividedintotheDafengFormation，ZhutianFormation，andZhenshuiFormationoftheNanxiongGroup，theShanghuFormationandtheDanxiaGroupofPaleocene-Eocene（Fig.（Zhangetal.，inreview.

　　⒙TheDafengFormation（KdisdistributedinDatangpu，Tianxin，Mazhuwo，Chentian，LuowuandDaoji，nearthesoutheasternmarginofthenorthernpartofthebasin.TheseareasarelocatedinthesouthernandeasternsuburbsofHeyuanCity.Theformationischaracterizedbycoarsesediments，matureconglomeratesandgranulegravels，fromcoarseatthebottomtofineatthetop，prisingtwodepositionalcycles，minthickness.NearthebaseoftheDafengFormationconsistsofdarkpurplishredmassiveboulderconglomerates，andispoorlysorted.Eightypercentoftheconglomeratesareslightlymetamorphosed，withpebblysandstonelenses.ItcontactsthethirdstageoftheYanshaniangranitebyfaultorliesunconformablyontheJinjiFormationofLateJurassicage.Itsthicknessreachesm.ThelowerpartoftheDafengFormationismthick，andisposedofpurplishpebblegravelsbearingunsortedsandstoneandmedium-finesandstone.Therockisstronglyweathered，andthetopographyislowandflatandoftencoveredwithvegetation.Themiddlepartofthisformationisformedofpurple-redconglomeratesinterbeddedwithsandyconglomerates.TheDanxialandformisdistinctive.Thispartismthick.Theupperpartoftheformationconsistsofpurple-redmicroconglomeratewithmedium-coarsegraniticdebrisinfinegravelsandgravellyunsortedsandstone.Theconglomeratesaregraniticinposition，withlesseramountsofsandyshalefromtheunderlyingJinjiFormation.RounddinosaureggsareabundantintheupperDanxiaFormation.Theformationismthick.

　　⒚Fig.ThestratigraphicsectionfromtheShenglifluoritemineraldepositstoNiuguzhaiinthenorthernHeyuanBasin

　　⒛TheZhutianFormation（KzcropsoutinHeyuanUrbanDistrict，Huangsha，DongyuanCounty，andXuantangtown.Itischaracterizedbyrelativelyfinesedimentsizes（PlateI，differingfromtheunderlyingDafengFormationandtheoverlyingZhenshuiFormation.Thisformationisposedofpurple-redandlightredmicroconglomerates，medium-coarsegrainedfeldspathicquartzosesandstoneandheterogranularsandstoneforminginterbedsofvaryingthickness.Thelowerpartisbandedwithsilty-finesandstoneandferruginousmudstone.Widelydistributedgray-greenmottlesandcalcareousconcretionsarepresentinthesandstone，whichhaswelldevelopedcrossbedding.Thesandstoneiseasilyweathered.Thetopographyislowwithgentlehillslope；turtles，Heyuanniahuangi（Lü，，andelongateddinosaureggswerefoundinthisformation.Theformationismthick.

　　Fig.StratigraphyintheHeyuanBasin（AbbreviationsseeFig.

　　TheZhenshuiFormation（KzsisdistributedintheareaofLiantangping，Weibei，Bugouyan，Maguding，YangmeipingandHezitianandsouthtotheNationalRoadfromBaitoulingtoShenpu.Sedimentsarerelativelycoarse，withwhite，purple-redthick-beddedandblockymicroconglomeratecontainingmediumpebbles，gravel-bearingsandstoneinterbeddedbrown-purplefeldspathicquartzosesandstoneandfinesandstone.Thesandstonecontainssmallgray-greenmottles.Welldevelopedcross-beddingispresentintheupperpart，butnofossilsarefoundhere.Theformationismthick.

　　TheShanghuFormation（EsisdistributedintheareasofMeishixia，Huangguotang，Pingshan，Changlong，MaopuandSanfutian.Itconsistsofpurple-redandreddishorangemicroconglomerateswithabundantgraniteconglomerate，gravel-bearingcoarsesandstone，andfeldspathicquartzosesandstone，partlyintercalatedwithpeliticsiltstone.Themostmonpositionofthegravelisgranitic，followedbyquartzosesandstoneandtheunderlyingredsandstoneoftheNanxiongGroup.Thegraveliswellrounded.Thesandstonehaswell-developedcross-bedding，andthethicknessofthecross-beddedsectionofbedsislessthanm.Nofossilswerefoundinthisformation，anditismthick.

　　TheDanxiaGroup（Edxisdistributedinthenorthwestmarginofthebasin，whichincludestheareasofMeishizhai，Goubili，NiuguzhaiandShimen.Itconsistsofpurple-red，dark-red，brown-redmassiveconglomeratesandmedium-coarsegraniticsandstonebearingmicroconglomerates.Theupperpartisdominatedbymicroconglomeratewhilethelowerismegaconglomerates，withgrainsexceedingmindiameter.Mostgravelsaregranitic，poorlysortedandpoorlyrounded.Theyaremixedwithferruginous，peliticandsandymaterials.Silicificationisclearnearthefaultedareas.Therockishard，oftenformsanoverhangingcliff，andistermedtheDanxiaLandforminMeishizhai，NiuguzhaiandShimen.Nofossilswerefoundinthisformation.Thisgroupismthick.

　　TheNanxiongGroupofthenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasinisdividedintothreeunitsbasedonchangesinsedimentsize（fromcoarsetofine，andfiocoarseagain.Thelowerpart，theDafengFormationischaracterizedbycoarselithology，matureconglomerates，cleartopographicalexpression，andrapidsedimentation.Thisrepresentstheearlystageofbasindevelopment.Thesedimentsofthemiddlepart，theZhutianFormation，arerelativelyfineandrichingray-greencalcareousconcretionsorcalcareouspatches.Thisunitwasdepositedinenvironmentsrepresentingrelativelyawide，deepbasin，withdistantsourceareas，andlowbasinmargins.Thelithologyoftheupperunit，theZhenshuiFormation，beescoarseagain.Itischaracterizedbymatureconglomerates.Theabove-mentionedcharactersaresimilartothoseofNanxiongGroupinitstypeareaoftheNanxiongBasin.Thesetwounitscanbecorrelated（Fig..ThemaindifferencebetweenthemisthattheclastsizesoftheZhutianFormationandtheZhenshuiFormationintheHeyuanBasinarerelativelycoarserthanthoseintheNanxiongBasin.Microconglomerates，gravel-bearingsandstoneandunsortedsandstonearerelativelymon，butsiltymudstoneandpeliticsiltstonearelessmon.FineclasticrocksandclaysarewellrepresentedintheNanxiongBasin.Notably，theZhutianFormationconsistsofasetoffinesiltstonesandsiltymudstonesandinterbeddedlenticularlimysandstoneandmarl.Claysarealsorelativelymon.TheDafengFormationoftheNanxiongGroupinbothbasinsisrichindinosaureggs.Oviraptorids（Lü，arefoundintheZhutianFormationofHeyanBasin.NumerouskindsoffossilswerefoundinNanxiongGroupoftheNanxiongBasin（Young，；Zhao，；Zhaoetal.，；.OviraptoridsarealsofoundintheZhutianFormationofWujingandthetopoftheZhenshuiFormation（topofthePinglingFormation，ZhaoZ-K.personnelmunicationtoLü，neartheNewCityDistrictofNanxiong.Inadditiontoreptiles，microfossils，suchasOstracoda，Foraminifera，charophytes（Zhang，，andgastropods，lamellibranchs，andinsects（Zhangetal.，a，bareabundant，whereasthebiotaofthenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasinislimited，producingnomicrofossils，molluscaorarthopoda.ThebiotaismuchlessrichanddiversethanthatoftheNanxiongBasin.

　　Fig.StratigraphiorrelationbetweennorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasin（AandNanxiongBasin（B

　　TheShanghuFormationoftheNanxiongBasinisdominatedbypurple-red，darkpurple-redsiltymudstoneandpeliticsiltstone，richincalcareousconcretions，andinterbeddedfinesandstone，partlyintercalatedwithpebblysandstoneandmicroconglomerates，aboundinginfossils（Zhang，a.InthenorthernpartoftheHeyuanBasin，theShanghuFormationisdominatedbymicroconglomerates，pebble-bearingcoarsesandstone，heterogranularfeldspathicquartzosesandstone，andraresiltymudstoneandfinesandstone.Nofossilswerefoundinthisformation.ThesedimentsareclearlycoarserthancorrelativeonesintheNanxiongBasin.TheDanxiaGroupisasetofcoarseclasticrocks.Itiscoarseinthelowerpart，butfineintheupperpart.ThisgroupistypifiedbytheDanxiaLandform，anditissimilartotheDanxiasectionofthetypelocalityintheDanxiaBasin.Thelithologicalandtopographicalcharacterscanbecorrelated.TheDanxiaGroupoftheDanxiaBasinisLateCretaceous（Zhang，b，buttheageofDanxiaGroupintheHeyuanBasinisnotconstrained，anditmaybeyoungerthanintheDanxiaBasin.TheDanxiaGroupnearbothmarginsoftheNanxiongBasinisthefaciesequivalentoftheNanxiongGroupandtheLuofuzhaiGroup.Itisanobviouslydiachronousstratigraphicunit.ItsagerangesfromthemiddleLateCretaceoustotheEarlyEocene.FromthewesttothenortheasttowardShitouzhai，theunitsoftheDanxiaGroupbeeprogressivelyyounger（Zhangetal.，a，b.Inshort，nofossilsarefoundthusfarintheShanghuFormationandtheDanxiaGroupintheHeyuanBasin，buttheylieabovetheNanxiongGroup，theirstratigraphicsequenceisclear，andtheirageshouldbeyoungerthanthatoftheNanxiongGroup.