2024年10月desireforsurvival（帮帮我翻译中文）

　　⑴desireforsurvival（帮帮我翻译中文

　　⑵做你的精神猛增晴天？你放松的声音，流水？一些科学家认为，这些接触大自然，有利于你的健康。在一项研究中，医院病人，以期树木比较短，住院，并不太需要痛药物。另一项研究表明，囚犯，以期对户外较少的医生访问。“为什么我们想要的性质？也许我们正在编写为需要它，因为我们的祖先的生存是如此依赖于他们涉嫌与自然“，表明生物学家雇佣条例威尔逊。想要找出如有需要接触自然提高了您的人生观？尝试数的这些想法。坑出鸟直属及观赏鸟类进场参观。坐下来，在后院或附近的一个公园。闭上你的眼睛是雪亮的。你怎么听到？鸟儿歌唱？风在树上？蟋蟀啁啾？

　　⑶求英语不错的朋友帮忙翻译一下下~《作为意志和表象的世界》的介绍

　　⑷作为意志和表象的世界》一书全面阐述了叔本华唯意志主义的哲学观。这本书不光是叔本华哲学思想的完美展示，也是他对人类的看法的完整记录。他的哲学主旨是宇宙唯一的真正的本体是意志，那些可见的、可触摸的现象只是真实存在的意志的表象。他的体系不可避免地走向悲观主义。书的中心可以用两句话概括：.“世界是我的表象”，即外在世界只是感觉和表象的世界。但在表象世界的背后，还存在一个意志世界，“世界是我的意志”。意志是万物的基础。整个世界就是意志，意志是唯一的，不可分的实体，人的认识和理性就是意志客观化发展到一定级别后的产物。.“世界的本质是意志”，即世界的精神内核是“生存意志”（此处我强调“生存意志”是为与尼采的“权力意志”区别，也许初学者会不理解意志的确切意思，在此我解释一下：生存意志是指宇宙万物的本质是生存下去的欲望，生存包含两个意思：“饮食”是个体的生存，“男女”是种族的生存。权力意志是指万物并不满足生存，还有主宰一切的欲望。angAstheworld’swillandrepresentation,“aprehensivebookonSchopenhauer’svoluntarismphilosophy.ThisbooknotonlyperfectphilosophySchopenhauerdisplay,butalsohisviewsontheintegrityofthehumanrecord.Thethrustofhisphilosophyistheonlyrealuniverseisthewillofthebody,whichcanbeseenandcanonlytouchtherealexistenceofthephenomenonoftheappearanceofthewill.Hissystemwillinevitablymovetowardpessimism.Thecenterofthebookcanbesummedupwithtwosentences:.“Theworldismyrepresentation“,thatis,theoutsideworldisfeelingandappearanceoftheworld.However,intheworldbehindtheappearances,thereisamanoftheworld,“Theworldismywill.“Willbethebasisofallthings.Isthewilloftheworldasawhole,willbethesole,indivisibleentity,andrationalunderstandingofpeopleistheobjectiveofthedevelopmentwilltoacertainlevelofproduct..“Natureisthewilloftheworld“,thatis,thespiritoftheworld’scoreis“thewilltosurvive“(hereIstresstheword“survivalofthewill“isforNietzsche’s“willtopower“distinction),Beginnersmaynotunderstandtheexactmeaningofthewill,andIexplain:thewilltosurviveistheessenceofeverythingintheuniverseisthedesiretosurvive,survivaloftwomeans:“Food“isthesurvivalofindividuals,“menandwomen“isaracialsurvival.Isthewilltopowerarenotsatisfiedwiththesurvivalofalllivingthings,aswellasthedesiretodominateeverything.

　　⑸求英语大神翻译一篇文章！语法一定要正确！跪求！嘤嘤嘤！

　　⑹InGreecemythisaword,intermsofitsmeaning,noYun,includingRoss,kirkandgraves,scholarsofdesignedstudyofmythalsowereatsixesandsevens,butgenerallyagreethatthemythistheproductoftheoriginalbeginninglifeandprimitivebelief,istheoriginalbeginningatthebeginningofthepeopleintheperiodofignoranceofnaiveunderstandingandtheunderstandingoftheobjectiveworld.Itbothtablesistheancientpeoplecuriousaboutthecauseandnatureoftheuniverse,andtoreflecttheirnaturalandsocialdisastersandthefearofevil,moreshowtheirdesirefortheconquestofnatureandthepursuitofhappinesslife.,inthewest(mastertoGreece)wordsofgodincreation,mademan,floodcontrolandwatertopicssuchasmythology,therearemanysimilarities,butgod’simageinthemythoftheorigin,anditschange,thenatureofgod,andmarriagecivilizationfouraspectstherearebigdifferences.OriginofChineseandwesternmythswithmythhasnotchildishreal,nobleanddivine.Atthebeginningoftheancientmythistheoriginalpimitiveouteatbirdsandanimalsrawanimalsurvival,andbecamewithidealandpoeticlifeBegfrommaterialleveltorisetotheeffortsofthementalstate,isanimportantformoftheearlypeopleconfirmedself..Chinesemythologyhasalonghistory,theancestorsoftheChinesenationasearlyas.millionyearsagohasbeenlifeonearthandcreatetheirownmyth.ThehairsampleareainthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheYellowRiverplain,liesaTrinidad,irrigationfacilities,withadvantagesoflarge-scaleagriculturalproduction,butthedroughtandwaterloggingdisasterscausedaverybigthreattopeople.Inperiodofuniverse,abranchoftheprimitiveancestorslived,struggling,theypassedonintheformofwordofmouthtoldtheirownstoryandtheheroclanortribeTheresultsoftheirancestors,thisistheancientmyth.Aordingtoarchaeologicaldatacard,inthelatepaleolithic,hasbeenthemythofindividualsingleatotemicsignificance,butbecauseoflongtime,tousewrittenrecordshavebeenlost,mostlyonlyzerostarsavinginsomehistorybooks,philosophy,poetry,andhaslostitsoriginalstate.Chineseancientmyth,ancestodonewiththegods,andatthesametimeasclan,tribeandallthemore,andhavetheirrespectivetribalancestodatthecenterofgod,andinancientChinesemythology,unabletofindamanderinchiefofthegodsGod.ThantoChineseancientmyths,ancientGreekmythoflate,somecamefromaroundthestcenturyBC,fromfarawayfromthefigureheworshiptimestosingtheoralandwritten,buthundredsofyearsapart,asthespiritoftheclansociety,intheGreekhominidbasicscaleformedonthebasisofwordofmouthforalongtime,aftertheHomer,Herseyrusso-germanfullyreflectedintheworksofthepeople.Bytheprophet,musiciansandtroubadours,poetandthejointeffortsoftragedy,andthroughthehistorian,Greekmythologyhasrichcontents,intactAndformavastpileofsystem.Butbecauseofitsparticularislandgeographicalconditions,theancientgreeksarepiratesatseaanddoalotofmoneyinbusiness,ortoopenupoverseascolonytomakealiving,sotheycreateddifferentinChina’sinlandagriculturalcivilizationoceancivilization.Itinapoolofacityasthecenter,includingthesurroundingcountryside,establishtheslaverycity-state.Islandbetweentrade,culturalexchange,mutualinfluence,continuousintegration,finallyformedapleteandunifiedolympianstoZeusasthemaingodisgod.

　　⑺desirefor什么意思啊

　　⑻beeagerfor后经常接进步,成功什么的表示渴望得到什么东西deairefor更强调愿望,欲望和要求

　　⑼请把这段话翻译成英文

　　⑽“Theuniversewithitsendlessdesireforeternityrefiningasonganddance.Thisdesiretohavewhatahuman’sname,itcanbeignored“(sheng,“Iandtothealtar“).Thisforthe“disabled“(inshengview,allpeoplearedisabled,defective)ofsurvivalofsustainedattentiontohisprosehasastrongphilosophyofmeaning.Hisstoryhaswitnessedthekindofexperienceandthroughthewarmth,butthefateofthesentimental;buttherearetheabsurdandthefateofthestruggle.“LifeasString“isastruggleforsurvivalsignificanceabsurdfable.

　　⑾请教这句话的语法，perhapsthemostironicaspectofthe.

　　⑿perhapsthemostironicaspectofthesturggleforsurvivalishoweasilyanisimscanbeharmedbywhattheydesire.这句话的主语是：themostironicaspectofthesturggleforsurvival。为了生存而奋斗的最具有讽刺意味的一个方面。谓语：是is表语是一个从句，表语从句：howeasilyanismscanbeharmedbywhattheydesire。这个表语从句的主语是:anisms这个表语从句的谓语是：canbeharmed，受到伤害。这个表语从句的状语是：方式状语howeasily多么容易，方式状语bywhattheydesire被他们所希望的。这样就比较容易理解了：为了生存而奋斗的最具有讽刺意味的一个方面，就是这些生命的有机体是多么容易被他们所希望的东西伤害。希望帮助到了你。学习快乐，天天进步！

　　⒀灾害,如地震时如何应急自救英文作文翻译

　　⒁中文：避震知识一、发生大地震时不要急。破坏性地震从人感觉振动到建筑物被破坏平均只有秒钟，在这短短的时间内你应根据所处环境迅速作出保障安全的抉择。如果住的是平房，那么你可以迅速跑到门外。如果住的是楼房，千万不要跳楼，应立即切断电闸，关掉煤气，暂避到洗手间等跨度小的地方，或是桌子，床铺等下面，震后迅速撤离，以防强余震。二、人多先找藏身处。学校，商店，影剧院等人群聚集的场所如果遇到地震，最忌慌乱，应立即躲在课桌、椅子或坚固物品下面，待地震过后再有序地撤离。三、远离危险区。如在街道上遇到地震，应用手护住头部，迅速远离楼房，到街心一带。如在郊外遇到地震，要注意远离山崖，陡坡，河岸及高压线等。正在行驶的汽车和火车要立即停车。四、被埋要保存体力。如果震后不幸被废墟埋压，要尽量保持冷静，设法自救。无法脱险时，要保存体力，尽力寻找水和食物，创造生存条件，耐心等待救援。五、手机和充足点的电池放在身边备用。地震后的个人自救方法一次大震发生后，到处是断坦残壁，危楼及倒房构成的瓦砾堆。在没有外来人员援救之前，自救是一项与死神争分夺秒的斗争。时间就是生命，从历次大地震的经验得知，地震发生后，一天内扒出的人，救活率可达%，第二吞们有-%，时间越长，存活率越低。地震对人身的伤害，大部分是倒塌的房屋所造成的，一旦被埋压后，要做到：.被埋压在废墟下时，至关重要的是不能在精神上发生崩溃，要有勇气和毅力。强烈的求生欲望和充满信心的乐观精神，是自救过程中创造奇迹的强大动力。.被压埋后，注意用湿手巾、衣服或其他布料等捂住口鼻和头部，避免灰尘呛闷发生窒息及意外事故，尽量活动手和脚，消除压在身上的各种物体，用周围可搬动的物品支撑身体上面的重物，避免塌落，扩大安全活动空间，保障有足够的空气。条件允许时，应尽量设法逃避险境，朝更安全宽敞、有光亮的地方移动。.被埋压后，要注意观察周围环境，寻找通道，设法爬出去，无法爬出去时，不要大声呼喊，当听到外面有人时，再呼叫，或敲击出声，向外界传信息求救。.无力脱险时，尽量减少体力消耗，寻找食物和水，并计划使用，乐观等待时机，想办法与外面援救人员取得联系。地震后的群众互救方法地震后救人，时间就是生命。因此，救人应当先从最近处救起，不论是家人、邻居、工作岗位上的同事，或是萍水相逢的路人，只要是近处有人被埋压，就要先救他们，这样可以争取时间，减少伤亡。震后救人的原则是：.在互救过程中，要有组织，讲究方法，避免盲目图快而增加不应有的伤亡。首先通过侦听、呼叫、询问及根据建筑物结构特点，判断被埋人员的位置，特别是头部方位，在开挖施救中，最好用手一点点拨，不可用利器刨挖。.如伤势严重，不能自行出来的，不得强拉硬拖，应设法暴露全身，查明伤情，施行包扎固定或急救。.在互救中，应利用铲、铁杆等轻便工具和毛巾、被单、衬衣、木板等方便器材。.挖掘时要分清哪些是支撑物，哪些是压埋阻挡物，应保护支撑物，清除埋压物，才能保护被压埋者赖以生存的空间不遭覆压。.清除压埋物及钻凿、分割时，有条件的要泼水，以防伤员呛闷而死。.对暂时无力救出的伤员，要使废墟下面的空间保护通风，递送食品，静等时机再进行营救。英文：AvoidvibrationknowledgeAbigearthquake,don’tworry.Thedevastatingearthquakefrompeoplefeelvibrationtothebuildingsweredestroyedanaverageofonlyseconds,intheshorttimeyoushouldbebasedontheenvironmenttomakeaquickguaranteethesafetyofchoice.Ifyouliveinabungalow,soyoucanquicklyrantothedoor.Ifyouliveinabuilding,don’tjumpoffabuildingandshouldimmediatelycutofftheswitchandturnoffthegas,escapetowashroomtemporarilylittlespanofplace,ortable,bedetcandthenleaveimmediatelyaftertheearthquake,incasethestrongaftershock.Second,manyfirstfindhidingplace.Schools,shops,theaterstheplaceofthecrowdgatherifthereisanearthquake,themostavoidispanic,shallbeimmediatelyhideinthedesk,chairorstrongitemsbelow,waitforafterthequakeandorderlyevacuation.Three,awayfromthedangerzone.Ifthereisanearthquakeinthestreets,theapplicationofthehandholdhead,quicklyawayfrombuildings,andtothecentraltownarea.Ifthereisanearthquakeinthecountry,mustpayattentionawayfromthecliff,steepslope,theBanksandthehightensionlineetc.Arecarsandtrainstostopimmediately.Four,buriedtoconserveenergy.Ifaftertheearthquakeruinsunfortunatelytrapped,trytostaycalm,managedtosavehislife.Unabletoescape,toconserveenergy,trytofindfoodandwater,createlivingconditions,patience,andwaitfortherescue.Five,mobilephonesandenoughpointsofbatteryinside.Setaside.AfterthequakerescuepersonalmethodAnearthquakehappens,isfullofbrokenCanBiTampa,dangerousandpourtherubblearoom.Innoforeignpersonnelbeforerescue,self-helpisawithdeathstruggleagainsttheclock.Timeislife,fromallpreviousearthquakeexperiencethat,aftertheearthquake,inadaythatsteak,liferatecanamountto%,thesecondtheswallowhas-%,timetogrowmore,thesurvivalrateislower.Earthquaketopersonalinjury,andmostofthemarecausedbythecollapsedbuildings,onceburiedafterpressing,todo:.Betrappedundertheruins,themostimportantthingisthecan’tmentallycollapse,courageandperseverance.Thestrongdesiretosurvivewithconfidenceandoptimism,isintheprocessofcreatingmiraclesavepower..Thepressurewasburied,payattentiontousewettowel,clothesorotherclothcoveryourmouthandnoseandhead,avoiddustchokestuffychokingandaidenthappen,asfaraspossibleactivitieshandsandfeet,eliminatepressureonallkindsofobjects,canmovearoundwiththesupportoftheaboveitemsbodyweight,avoidcollapsing,expandsecurityspace,ensurethatthereisenoughair.Conditionsallow,shouldtrytoescapedanger,inamorespaciousandbright,thesafeplacetomove..Buriedafterpressing,towatchtheenvironmentaround,lookingforthechannel,managedtoclimbout,can’tgetout,don’tcryout,whentheyhearthere’ssomeone,callagain,orknocksound,andtotheoutsideworldamessageforhelp..Unabletoescape,trytoreduceenergyconsumption,lookingforfoodandwater,andplantouse,optimisticwaitingforanopportunity,tryingtogetintouchwithoutsiderescuers.Aftertheearthquakeofself-andmutual-rescuemethodAftertheearthquakerescue,timeisalife.Therefore,savefromrecentshallfirstplacerescued,bothfamily,neighbors,workcolleagues,ortheswiftnessofpassers-by,aslongasitisclosetosomeoneburiedpressure,willfirstsavethem,socanstriveforthetime,reducecasualties.Theprincipleofearthquakerescueis:.Inthemunalprocess,togetanized,method,avoidblindfigurefastandincreaseshouldnothavecasualties.Firstofall,call,andaskedbyprotectedreliablyagainstdetectiveandaordingtothestructurecharacteristics,judgeburiedthepositionofthepersonnel,especiallytheheadposition,intheexcavationoftherescue,itisalittledialhand,notwithwhomdugtool..Suchasseriously,unabletoeoutof,shallnotbestrongtopulldrag,shouldtrytoexposethewholebody,findouttheinjury,andbandagefixedoremergency..Inmunal,shouldusetheshovel,ironandlighttoolsandtowel,bedsheet,shirts,boardandconvenientequipment..Whenminingtotellwhichisprovided,whichispressureburiedtheobstacle,shouldprotectsupport,clearthetrappedthing,toprotectthepressurewasburiedthesurvivalofspaceinthepressure..Removepressureburiedobjectsanddrillcut,division,conditionaltorainonwater,incasethewoundedchokestuffyanddie..Isunabletorescuethewoundedto,tomakethespacebelowtheruinstoprotectventilation,deliveringfood,waitingtimetorescue.

　　⒂Generally,therearetwopointsofviewsforustoseetheworld:aestheticpointofviewandutilitarianpointofview.Whenyoudescribesomeoneasutilitarian,youmeanheregardssecularfameandgainasimportantanddoeseverythingbeneficialtohimself,suchasstudyhardfoodgrades,getgoodgradestobeadmittedbyatopuniversity,getthediplomatobehiredbyabigpany,andbuyeverythinghewantswhenhehasbeenpaidforhiswork.Evenifthebusinessofmakingfriends,whichentailsthewillingnessofthetwopartyandthelawofattraction,autilitarianisboundtoembedsomeaimintoit:befriendapianisttohelphimselfimprovepianoskills;crawltodignitariesfortheopportunitytousethem;trytowinabeauty’saffectiontomeethissexualdemand;keepstainedpeopleatadistancebecausetheyareproogethimintotrouble.AsaChinesesayinggoes:Thegentlemanthinksintermsofrighteousness,thepettymanintermsofgains.Anegoistisusuallylookeddownuponandmarginalizedbypeoplearoundhim.Onlywhenhetakesonsocialresponsibilitycanhebeaeptedbythemainstreamgroupasamemberofthem.Inspiteofallthis,utilitarianismisanindispensablemeansofsurvivalthateverybodyneedstolearn,becauseevolvedfromgorilla,everyoneofushasanimalinstinctsandneedswithus,suchasappetite,sexualdesire,safetyneed,loveneedandesteemneed.Likenoisyinfants,theseinstinctsandneedskeepcryingforsatisfaction.Ifwefailedtomeettheirdemands,theywillstirtomakeusillateaseandgetusasunfortableasafishoutofwater.Tomeettheirinsatiabledemands,wehavetospendalifetimepetingwithoneanotherforscarceresources,suchaskeyschoolinteenageyears,positionandsalaryinouryouth,suessofcareerandhappinessoffamilyintheautumnofourlivesandcareerandfutureofourchildrenwhenweareoldenough.Todoso,weareliketight-woundclocksrushaheadwithoutabreak,grabeverythingbeneficialtomakeour“innerinfants“stopcrying.Allinall,wehavetobeutilitariantoleadabetterlife.????????通常来说，有两种我们看待世界的方式：审美的眼光和功利的眼光，当你说某人很功利，你的意思是他看重功名利禄、只做对他自己有利的事，比如努力学习为了考高分、得到高分是为了进名牌大学、拿到文凭是为了被大公司聘用，之后就可以用自己获得的薪水买任何自己想要的东西了。甚至连交朋友这种你情我愿、遵从吸引力法则的事，一个功利主义者都必定能在其中找到某种目的：结交一位钢琴能手是为了帮助自己提高钢琴技能；巴结达官显贵是为了找机会利用他们；追求漂亮的异性是为了满足性欲；对劣迹斑斑的人敬而远之是为了怕对方连累自己。中国有句古话说得好：君子喻于义，小人喻于利，一个自私自利的人常为周围人所不耻，当且仅当他担负起社会责任才能被主流文化群体接纳为其中的一员，尽管如此，功利主义却是每个人必须学会的一种生存的必要手段，因为从大猩猩进化而来的我们每个人身上都带着动物的本能和需求，比如食欲、性欲、安全的需求、爱的需求和受尊重的需求，那些本能和需求就像一个哭闹的婴儿总是吵着要我们去满足它，如果得不到满足，它就会搅得我们心神不宁、让我们感到入鱼离水般的不自在。为了满足它们贪得无厌的需求，我们不得不用一辈子的光景彼此竞争稀有资源，比如青少年时期的重点学校、青年时期的薪水和职位、中年时期的事业有成和家庭美满、老年时期的子女的事业和前途。我们就像一个上紧了发条的时钟一刻不停地往前冲，抓住所有对自己有利的东西去哄我们“内在的婴儿”别哭，总之，为了活得更好我们不得不做功利主义者。????????Inspiteofthefactthatsecularfameandgainaregoodforoursurvival,theynotonlyfailedtomakeushappy,butbeetherootofoursufferinginmanyways.Inordertoachievefameandwealth,onehastopaytheprice.Themorebenefitonewants,themorethepriceincreasesexponentially:ifyoujustwanttomaintainabasicliving,youcangettheresultwiththesameamountofeffort;ifyouwanttoleadaprivilegedlife,youneedtoworkovertimetogetthesameresultwithdoubleamountofeffort;ifyouaresoavaricioustoleadanextravagantlife,youhavetodothebestyoucantogetthesameresultwithtripleorquadrupleamountofeffort.Takesmartphoneasanexample,ifyoujustwantamobilephonewiththefunctionofcall,answer,photographandchat,youcanbuyyourselfonewithoutanydifficulty;ifyouwantthelatestiphone,youhavetobitethebullet,takeoutalargeamountofsavingsandcutdailyexpenses;ifyoufollowthefashionandintendtokeepthelatestiphoneathandatalltimes,youhavetoemptyyourpocketandbeatthemercyofmoney,luxuriesanddesire.Sometimeswearetooimpotenttoabandonourdesire.Whenthelatestiphonehitsthemarketandthelittlethinginmyhandisonthewayout,Ihaveadesperateurgetogetridoftheoldoneandtakepossessionofthenewone.OnlywithgreateffortsthatIdismissedtheideaandpersuadedmyselftokeepthatseeminglystale,oldandbrokenthing.SometimesIfeelourmortalbeingshavenootherchoicebuttobeslavesofdesireandatthemercyofit.Inthemeantime,thesatisfactionofitisnotonceandforall.Wecangettemporarypleasurewhenitisjustsatisfied,butitwon’tbelongbeforeitstagesaebackandbea“cryinginfant“again.So,wecanetotheconclusionthatutilitarianpointofviewcanbynomeansbringeternalhappinesstous.Toachieveit,wehavetolearntoemployaestheticviewofpoint.Whenitestoaesthetics,thefirstthingspringstomymindisart,suchfineart,music,danceanddrama.Definitely,it’saninertialthinkingtolinkartwithaesthetic,sciencewithtruthandmoralitywithgoodness.Whenweadopttheutilitarianthinking,neitherofuscangetridofsubject-objectdualisticdivision:weseeourselvesassubjectsandeverythingweconfrontasobject.Toachievefame,wealthandgeteverythingbeneficial,wehavetobewellacquaintedwithlawsofmyriadsofthings:thenaturallaw,thelawofhumansocietyandthelawofhistoricaldevelopment,andthenputeverythingattheserviceofus,(tomanageallsortsofpeople,weneedeventobeacquaintedwithhumannature,andonlyinthiswaycanweavoidtheincrementofthecostwhensituationgetsplicated).Forthereasonthatthewideworldistooplicatedtohandleandthewisdomofourhumanbeingsistoolimitedtomastertheultimatelaw,inmostcases,subjects,insteadoflettingobjectsplaythepartofa“goodboy“,areoftenhandicappedbythem.Hencetheconsequencethiskindofwayofthinkingconstantlyleadstoisafeelingofanxiety.????????尽管功名利禄有利于我们生存，但是它们不仅没能使我们快乐，反而在很多时候成为我们痛苦的根源，为了得到声望和财富一个人就必须付出代价，他想得到的好处越多，他付出的代价就越是呈指数倍增长：你若仅仅想维持最基本的温饱，你付出就能得到同等的回报；如果你想过上养尊处优的生活，你就必须努力工作加班加点付出原来的两倍才能得到同等的回报；如果你贪婪到了想要穷奢极欲的地步，你就必须拼尽全力付出原来三四倍的努力才能得到同等的回报。就拿智能手机来说吧，如果你仅仅想要一个能够接打电话、拍照聊天的手机，你不费吹灰之力就能为自己买一台；如果你想要一台最新款的苹果手机，你必须忍痛割爱拿出一大笔积蓄同时削减日常开支；如果你赶时髦时时刻刻都想将你手中的苹果手机保持在最新款，那你必须掏空口袋并成为金钱、奢侈品和欲望的奴隶。有时候我们在欲望跟前显得软弱而无力，当最新款的苹果手机上市、同时我手上的小玩意儿即将淘汰的时候，我有一种强烈的冲动想要处理掉旧手机并将新款的据为己有，我需要费很大的劲才能摒除原先的想法并说服自己继续使用那个看上去已经没有任何新鲜感的破玩意儿，有时候我感觉我们凡人别无选择只能成为欲望的奴隶并任由其摆布，与此同时，欲望的满足不是一劳永逸的，当它刚刚被满足之际，我们能产生暂时的愉悦感，但是过不了多久它就会卷土重来并重新成为那个“哭闹的婴儿”。因此我们可以得出结论：功利的眼光不能为我们带来永恒的快乐，为此我们必须学会采用审美的眼光，说到审美，我首先会想到艺术，如美术、音乐、舞蹈和戏剧，确切地说，我们在惯性思维的影响下会将艺术跟美、科学跟真、道德跟善联系在一起，当我们采用功利的思维方式我们就摆脱不掉主客体二元分裂：我们将自己看成是主体、将所有我们面对的事物看作是客体，为了得到声望、财富和所有好处，我们不得不掌握大千世界万事万物的规律：自然律、人类社会的规律和历史发展的规律，之后让万事万物为我们人类所用，（为了管理各式各样的人，我们甚至需要掌握人性，只有这样才不至于在情况变得复杂时增加成本。因为大千世界太复杂了、我们人类的智慧太有限了以至于不能掌握住那个终极规律，在很多情况下，主体不仅不能让客体扮演一个乖孩子的角色，反而常常受制于它们，所以这种思维方式的结果就是一种焦虑感。????????Aestheticwayofthinkingisjustagoodrecipetotackletheproblem.Asitissuper-utilitarianandhasnothingtodowithdesire,itnotonlybridgedthatdualisticdivision,buttosomeextentdispelledthefeelingofanxiety.IcanstillrememberthesceneIwasplayingvideogamesinmyearlyyears:ItotallysubmergedintoitasifIwasthatsmallfigureonthescreen.Hislifeanddeathpletelylieinmyhands.Asifpossessedbyadevil,Iwasdeliriouswithjoywhenhedefeatedthebossandwentthroughthelevelsuessfully;Igotfrustratedwhenhewasgivenanawfulbeatingupbyenemies;MyheartwasthumpingwhenheisindangerandIweptforjoyatthescenehereunitedwithhislover.IcanalsorememberthefirsttimeIbroughthometheDVDofRurouniKenshin—aclassicJapaneseanimation.ThewholeafternoonpassedinaflashanditisalreadydarkoutsidewhenIcametomyself.Asifmyspiritleftmybodyandenteredanotherworld,IwassoabsorbedincharactersandthevividstoryofitthatIwouldnotcareevenifanearthquakehappenedatmyfeet.Notwithstandingtherewereallkindsofintractablepeopleandthingspesteredmeandmademylifeapletemessinreallife,itseemedasifIhadadream,andhavingfledintothefantasyworld,IbrokeloosefromtheannoyanceandgotthepleasureneverexperiencedbeforewhenIwasplayinggamesandwatchinganimations,andthatisperhapstheso-calledaestheticactivity.Ifvideogameandanimationcouldonlybecountedascheapaestheticactivitieswhichanyuntrainedmanisabletolosehimselfinit,fineartandmusicisreallyadvancedones.Youmaybetiredofallkindsofgames,finditdifficulttobeenthusiasticaboutthemanymoreandfeelallthecartoonsofthesamepatternanditisawasteoftimewatchingthem,butyoucanalwaysdrawpleasurefromthe“advancedaestheticactivities“whenyougoabitdeeperintoanykindofthemandhaveafreshfeelingwhenyouturnyourattentiontoanothergenreandschool.Whenyouarelisteningtoasymphonyorenjoyinganoilpainting,youcanenterastateof“fettingyourselfandtheopposingobject,blendingemotionwithscenery“.Asitissuper-utilitarian,weneverconcernforpersonalgainsandlosseswhenwelookintoeverythingforbeauty.Forthereasonthatthereisnoneedforustopayanypriceforit,thefeelingofupsetwillneverriseinourheartsduringtheprocess.????????审美的思维模式恰恰是解决这个问题的一剂良方，因为它是超功利的、它跟欲望扯不上一毛钱关系，所以它不仅能够弥合主客体二元分裂的鸿沟，而且在一定程度上消除了焦虑感。还记得早年玩游戏时的情景：我完全沉浸在其中，仿佛自己就是银幕上的那个小人，他的生死完全掌握在我手中，我好像被鬼魂附体了一样，当他打败了老怪顺利通关的时候我就欣喜若狂；当他被敌人虐成狗我就感到无比沮丧；当他陷入危险时我的心砰砰直跳；当他跟自己的爱人团聚时我喜极而泣。我也记得第一次将浪客剑心——一部经典的日本动画片的碟片带回家中，整个下午如弹指一挥间，我刚回过神来天已经黑了，似乎我的灵魂离开了身体进入了另一个世界，我完全专注于其中的人物和生动的故事情节，以至于即便是地震在我脚下发生我都管不了，虽然在现实中各种头疼的人和事让我不堪其扰、他们把我的生活搅得一团糟，但是当我打游戏和看动画片时，我好像做了一个梦，遁入幻想世界的我摆脱了烦恼并得到了之前从未经历过的愉悦，这或许就是所谓的审美活动。如果说电子游戏和动画片仅仅算是一种廉价的审美活动，任何没有受过专业训练的人都能沉浸其中，那么美术和音乐则算是一种高级的审美活动，你或许会对各式各样的游戏感到腻味儿，或是对它们再也提不起任何兴趣；你或许会感觉所有的动画片都千篇一律、观看它们简直是浪费时间，但是当你对那些“高级审美活动”中的任何一个艺术门类钻得更深一点你总能从中汲取快乐、当你切换到其他类型和流派时你总能找到一种新鲜感。当你听一部交响乐或是观赏一幅油画时，你能达到一种物我两忘、情景交融的境界，因为它是超功利的，所以我们在挖掘事物美的同时不必考虑个人得失，因为我们不必为此付出任何代价，所以沮丧感从来不会在此过程中油然而生。????????Ofcourse,aestheticpointofviewisnotlimitedtoart,wecanalsotakethatattitudetowardlife.Aslongasyouhaveaneyeforbeauty,youcanfindbeautifulthingsuphillanddowndale:beautifulsceneries,deliciousfood,peoplewithbeautifulminds,unusualbuildingsandcolorfulflowers.Aslongasyoutaketheattitudeof“admireitinthedistanceratherthanplayandpossessitrashly“,theycanalwaysbringpleasuretoyou.Subsistenceandjoyarethemostimportantthingsforourlivingbeings.Henceutilitarianandaestheticpointofviewlikeourtwolegs.Wecan’twalkwithoutneitherofthemandwealwayscallsomebodyacripple,anunhealthymanifhelacksanyoneofthem.Havingintegratedintothegroupofdepressedpatients,Ifoundnotafewofthemhadbeentrainedtobeutilitariansincurrenteducationalenvironment.Inthemeantime,theirmodesofthinkinghinderedthemfromchangingintoanotherangletoseetheworld,andinthiswaytheyfellintoawrongpathandgotstuckinthemudofdepression.Asamatteroffact,theycannotonlygrowuphealthily,butbehealthierthanallthenormalpeoplearoundiftheylearnto“walkwithanotherleg“.Howimportanttheaestheticviewofpointisthatitcancuredisease!Generallyspeaking,wemortalbeingsneedfirsttosurvivalandthentobehappy.Havingacquiredadequatelivingresourceandcouldthusleadafavorableliving,wehaveto“focusontheaestheticlegtowalk“andderivepleasurefromeverybeautifultrivialityinordinarylife,otherwisewewillbeetheslaveofdesireandnevergetathrillofjoyevenifwekeeprunningdayandnightlikeamachiosatisfyit.????????当然，审美的眼光并不限于艺术，我们也可以此态度来对待生活，只要你有一双善于发现美的眼睛，你在何处都能发现美的事物：美景、美食、心灵美的人、非同寻常的建筑物和姹紫嫣红的花，只要你抱着“可远观而不可亵玩焉”的态度，它们总能为你带来愉快。生存和愉悦是对于我们活着的人来说最重要的两件事情，因此功利和审美就像我们的两条腿，缺了其中的任何一只我们都不能行走，若某个人缺条腿我们会管他叫瘸子、一个不健全的人，在接触了抑郁症的群体后，我发现很多人就是因为在当前的教育环境中被训练成功利主义者，并且他们的思维定势致使他们不会改换看待世界的角度，因此他们才走入了歧途，陷入抑郁症的泥潭不能自拔，其实只要学会了“用另一条腿走路”，他们不仅能健康地成长，而且能成长得比所有正常人更加健康，审美的眼光能够治愈顽疾，可见其有多重要！就一般意义上来说，我们凡人首先是生存其次是快乐与否，当我们得到了充足的生存资源并因而能过上丰衣足食的生活后，我们就不得不“将重心放在审美的那条腿上”并从平凡生活中各种美好的琐事中得到愉悦，否则我们就会成为欲望的奴隶，即便如机器一般昼夜运转也因满足不了它而得不到任何快乐。????????Thatismyopiniontowardsaestheticsandutilitarianism.????????这就是我对审美和功利的理解。

　　⒃求十篇英语读后感字左右

　　⒄《老人与海》——字左右英语读后感Onsummervacationofthisyear,Istudiedinnovel“oldmanandsea“ofHemingway,famouswriterofU.S.A.,.Iadmiretheoldfisherman’swillinthenovelverymuch,heletsmeunderstandthatapersonmusthaveunremittingspirit,couldsueed.Whatthenovelisdescribedisanoldfishermanalmostthesixtyyearsold,whengotoseaandfishaloneonce,haveangledtoabigfish,butcannotdraw.Aftertoughfishermanandfishhavesocializedforafewdays,justfindthisisabigMalin’sfishwhichexceedsseveraltimesofone’sownfishingboat,thoughknowperfectlywellthatitisverydifficulttowin,doesnotgiveupyet.圣诞欢歌英文读后感Thisstoryrepresentsaveryoriginalforces,thebossisverystingydoneinaChristmasdream,thenhechangedhisviewsandseehowtousetheirmoneytohelpothers,charity!Ihatethatmeantheoriginalowner,sincehehassomuchmoney,butnotalwayshelpothers.Althoughmoneyisveryimportant,toliveinthisworldmoneyistotallyunaeptableandifthemoneycanlivealifeon,lettheworld,morepeoplehappy,theyshouldspendthemoneyto,becauseitvalues.Fortunately,thebosswakeuplater,theotherswillbehappytoknowthetruththemselveshappytohelpadisabledchild,fortheirfamilyandtheirassistantstogetherafterahappyChristmas!《朝花夕拾》ireadthebookwrittenbyluxun.itiscalledzhaohuaxishi.itincludesshortarticlesaboutthewritersstories.theyarebasedonhisownexperience,whenireadthisbook,ifeelveryhappytoseeluxunschildhood.itwasdiffrentfromours,sowemayfinditinterstingandexciting.luxunslangangeisverygreatbutmaybedifficulttounderstand.butthroughhiswords,wecanfindhishappinessinhisheart.《潘德尔的巫师》thcenturyEnglishrelatedwitchcraftsuperstitionisextremelyserious,manyeverybodybecauseareausedbuttosufferinvainforthesorcererthefataldisaster.ThissmallstoryisZhanNiteaboutherwholefamilypitifulbitterexperiencenarration.ZhanNiespeciallytoldthisstorythetimeisin,atthattimeheronlythenyearsold,becauseareactuallyausedtoimprisonforthesorceressintheLancastercastlejail.Beforethishermaternalgrandmother,themotherandelderbrotherarealltreatedasthesorcerertoexecute.小王子＜LittlePrince》这篇可以参考下:)~DespiteI’venotinmychildhoodyet,Istillpreferreadingfairy-talestories.Thetales,whichaompanywithmeinmyolddays,oftenmakemethinkofsomepreciousexperienceandsensationwhichonlybelongtochildren.ThissummerI’vereviewthiskindoftale,whichwaspublishedin.It’stheworld-famousfairy-talebytheFrenchauthor,AntoinedeSt-Exupery,TheLittlePrince.Asmanyotherfairy-tales,theoutlineofTheLittlePrinceisnotveryplex.“I”,thenarratorofthestory,isapilotwhoseplanehassomethingwrongandlandsintheSahara.Inthisoasion,thepilotmakestheacquaintanceofthelittleprince,alittleboyfromanotherpla,theAsteroidB.Thelittleprincehasescapedfromhistinypla,becausehehassomequarrelwitharose,whichgrowsonhispla.Inthatcasehelefthisownplaandtookanexplorationatsomeneighborasteroids.Onhisall-alonejourney,thelittleprincemeetsdifferentkindsofpeople,whichincludesaking,aconceitedman,atippler,abusinessman,alamplighterandageographer.Fromthesepeoplehegetsaconclusionthatthegrown-upsareveryodd.Followingtheinstructionofthegeographer,hedescendsintheSahara,ontheearth.Unbelievable,thislittlebookmovedmealot.Iseldomthinkaboutthetruemeaningofloveandlifebefore.Well,nowIcansay,withmyshortsixteen-year’slifeexperience,it’slikethestarsintheskythatlitmyheart.Thelittleprinceisnotonlyanordinaryfairy-taleforchildren,butalsofrown-ups,andourteenagers.Nevertheless,whenIreadthisbook,Ifeelalittlesad–aboutourselves,whomarelosingmoreandmoreinnocenceLearntoloveandcare（雾都孤儿HereIamsittingonacouchalone,thinkingaboutwhatIhavejustfinishedreadingwithtearsofsadnessfillingmyeyesandfireofindignationfillingmyheart,whichrevivedmyexhaustedsoulthathasalreadybeencoveredbythecrueltyandtheselfishnessofthesecularworldforalongtime.ItistrulywhatIfeltafterreadingOliverTwist,writtenbytheprominentBritishauthorCharlesDickens.《简爱》JaneEyreisafirst-personnarrativeofthetitlecharacter,asmall,plain-faced,intelligentandhonestEnglishorphan.Thenovelgoesthroughfivedistinctstages:Jane’schildhoodatGateshead,wheresheisabusedbyherauntandcousins;hereducationatLowoodSchool,wheresheacquiresfriendsandrolemodelsbutalsosuffersprivations;hertimeasthegovernessofThornfieldManor,whereshefallsinlovewithherByronicemployer,EdwardRochester;hertimewiththeRiversfamilyatMarsh’sEnd(orMoorHouse)andMorton,wherehercoldclergyman-cousinStJohnRiversproposestoher;andherreunionwithandmarriagetoherbelovedRochesterathishouseofFerndean.Partlyautobiographical,thenovelaboundswithsocialcriticismandsinistergothicelements.《朝花夕拾》Ireadthebookwrittenbyluxun.itiscalledzhaohuaxishi.itincludesshortarticlesaboutthewritersstories.theyarebasedonhisownexperience,whenireadthisbook,ifeelveryhappytoseeluxunschildhood.itwasdiffrentfromours,sowemayfinditinterstingandexciting.luxunslangangeisverygreatbutmaybedifficulttounderstand.butthroughhiswords,wecanfindhishappinessinhisheart.《鲁宾孙漂流记》IreadthebookofRobinsonCrusoe,theircaptors.Articledescribesmultiplesailinginthewholeisland,Crusoemastersofextraordinarysurvivalyearsexperience,striveforsurvival,showtheingenuityandamanwithindomitableperseveranceinthefaceofhardshippersistentexistencedesire,thelonelyandeagertorescuethemood.InalonelyislandovereRobinsonwasdonewithfear,asavageandsaidhewas“onFriday,theygetalongwitheachother,thenbuiltonFriday,Crusoeonekindofwarmfriendship.“Ialsoenjoythedisclosureofthebusinessconcept:Crusoeeachsailingandadventurehasclearmercialpurpose,withhisownpropertyandcalculatingprofit,hewillalsooneselflifetheislandishisterritory,inadditiontorevealitseconomicthought,IadmireJohnRobinson’srich,morelearninghisstronginitiativeandspiritofadventure,earlyefforts,hardwork,andperfectkindnessthought!《灰姑娘》Today,IreadtheGrimmfairytaleofCinderellatoknowthatCinderellaisagood,honestlittlegirl.Shehastwosistersandastepmotherbad,theyareverybad,donotletCinderellaintotherestauranttoeat,butalsooffherbeautifulclothes,oneday,theking’ssonisaprince,bytheageofmarriage,sothekingdecidedtoheldtheballforthreeconsecutivedays.Invitedtoparticipateinnationaldancegirl,hopethattheelectionofasatisfactoryWang’swife.Heardabouttwosisters,helpingthemquicklycalledCinderelladressed,welldressed,aftertheballwent.Cinderellaalsowanttogotothedance,butshedidnothaveclothes,shesad.Later,afairygaveherclothes.Cinderellawenttochangeclothestoattendtheball.Afterthreedayslater,Cinderellahasbeeaqueen.Themoralofthestoryletmeknow,andwhoarehonest,good,notbad.Asthesayinggoes:“Badmindpeople,shouldbethe.“《老人与海》Onsummervacationofthisyear,Istudiedinnovel“oldmanandsea“ofHemingway,famouswriterofU.S.A.,.Iadmiretheoldfisherman’swillinthenovelverymuch,heletsmeunderstandthatapersonmusthaveunremittingspirit,couldsueed.Whatthenovelisdescribedisanoldfishermanalmostthesixtyyearsold,whengotoseaandfishaloneonce,haveangledtoabigfish,butcannotdraw.Aftertoughfishermanandfishhavesocializedforafewdays,justfindthisisabigMalin’sfishwhichexceedsseveraltimesofone’sownfishingboat,thoughknowperfectlywellthatitisverydifficulttowin,doesnotgiveupyet.《双城记》“Ataleoftwocities“isoneofDickens’smostimportantrepresentativeworks.ThenovelprofoundlyexposedthesocietycontradictionbeforetheFrenchRevolution,intenselyattacksthearistocraticsocialclAsSisdissoluteandcruel,andsincerelysympathizeswiththedepressedclAsSes.ThenovelalsodescribedmanymagnificentscenesliketherevoltpeopleattackedBastilleandsoon,whichdisplayedpeople’sgreatstrength.Thestyle“Ataleoftwocities“issolemnityandmelancholy,fillsindignantion,butlacksthehumoroftheearlyworks.《居里夫人》MadamCurie,aworldfamouswomanscientist,wasbornintoatecher’sfamilyinPolandinanddiedin.Whenshewasstillachild,shewasfondofstudyverymuchandhadadreamtobeeascientist.Shefinishedhermiddleschoolattheageof.Eightyearslater,whenshewas,shewenttostudyatParisUniversity,whereshesufferedfromgreathardshipbutstillworkedveryhard.Allherligewasdevotedtoscientificresearchandhereffortswererewarded.ShehadwontheNobelPricetwice.Today,asafamousfemale,MadamCurieissillrememberedbythewholeworld.Peoplewillrememberherforeverforhercourage,determinationandherspiritofsharingknowledgewithothers。《麦田守望者》Weareagroupofchildrenlivingintheneweraandnaturallyaustomedtoconfusionandtrouble.Butweshouldconcentrateontheroadinfrontofus.Weshouldbeagroupofambitiouspeople.IfHoldenhasnotpureideal,thenhewouldbedegenerate,hisideallethimsurvive.Idealisabeaconforpeople,ittookpeopleintothebrightfuture.Yes,whereareidealsandthereishope.Thehopeisintomorrow.Wewillhaveabrighterfuture!