Android对话框使用方法详解

  对话框(Dialog)是Android系统在Activity或者其他组件运行过程中提供的一种提示机制。它可以帮助应用完成一些必要的提示功能,同时提供一些与用户交互的功能。

  对话框分为很多种,下面将一一介绍。

  1.提示对话框

  Android系统提供的对话框父类为Dialog, 里面并没有实现对话框的具体类型,比如单选、多选、列表等对话框,仅提供一个框架和规范。系统为开发者提供了一个 多功能的对话框类AlertDialog, 里面封装了各种对话框的样式,开发者只须提供相应的显示数据和按键的响应监听就可以。

  提示对话框所使用的就是系统封装好的对话框AlertDialog的实例对象。AlertDialog并不提供对外的构造方法,即不能直接通过AlertDialog的构造函数来生产一个AlertDialog。因为AlertDialog所有的构造方法都是protected的。所以为了获取AlertDialog对象,系统提供了一个静态内部类Builder让我们使用,通过Builder可以创建AlertDialog对象。

  (1)创建AlertDialog.Builder实例对象。

  (2)通过Builder对象设置对话框的属性。

  (3)调用Builder对象的create()方法创建AlertDialog对话框

  (4)调用AlertDialog的show()方法来显示对话框

  (5)调用AlertDialog的dimiss()方法销毁对话框。

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.content.DialogInterface;

  import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.widget.Button;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Button bt= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);

  bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(View v) {

  AlertDialog aldg;

  AlertDialog.Builder adBd=new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);

  adBd.setTitle("我的提示框");

  adBd.setIcon(R.drawable.p1);

  adBd.setMessage("确定要关闭本应用程序吗?");

  adBd.setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  finish();

  }

  });

  adBd.setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  });

  aldg=adBd.create();

  aldg.show();

  }

  });

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  2.单选对话框

  单选对话框中的0代表默认选中第一个。

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.content.DialogInterface;

  import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.widget.Button;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  int picWhich;

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);

  bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(View v) {

  final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"};

  AlertDialog adlg;

  adlg = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("选择职业:")

  .setSingleChoiceItems(starr, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  picWhich = which;

  }

  })

  .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你选定的职业是:"

  + starr[picWhich], Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  }

  })

  .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  })

  .create();

  adlg.show();

  }

  });

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  3.复选对话框

  复选对话框和单选对话框用法相似。

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.content.DialogInterface;

  import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.widget.Button;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  int picWhich;

  boolean chk[]=new boolean[]{false,false,false,false};

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);

  bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(View v) {

  final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"};

  AlertDialog adlg;

  adlg = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("选择职业:")

  .setMultiChoiceItems(starr, chk, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {

  chk[which]=isChecked;

  }

  })

  .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  String st=" ";

  for (int i=0;i

  if (chk[i])

  st=st+starr[i]+" ";

  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"选定的职业有:"+st,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  }

  })

  .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  })

  .create();

  adlg.show();

  }

  });

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  4.列表对话框

  列表对话框和单选对话框用法相似。

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.content.DialogInterface;

  import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.widget.Button;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Button bt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);

  bt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(View v) {

  final String[] starr = new String[]{"教师", "经理", "律师", "公务员"};

  AlertDialog adlg;

  adlg=new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setTitle("列表对话框")

  .setItems(starr, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  })

  .create();

  adlg.show();

  }

  });

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  5.进度条对话框

  ProgressDialog 也是继承于Dialog,但其扩展了缓冲加载提示的功能,为人机之间提供了良好的交互体验。

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.app.ProgressDialog;

  import android.content.DialogInterface;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  }

  public void progress_circle(View v){

  final ProgressDialog prdg1=new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);

  prdg1.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_SPINNER);

  prdg1.setTitle("圆形进度条对话框");

  prdg1.setMessage("正在下载");

  prdg1.setMax(100);

  prdg1.show();

  new Thread(new Runnable() {

  @Override

  public void run() {

  try {

  Thread.sleep(5000);

  prdg1.cancel();

  } catch (InterruptedException e) {

  e.printStackTrace();

  }

  }

  }).start();

  }

  public void progress_horizontal(View v){

  final ProgressDialog prdg2 = new ProgressDialog(this);

  prdg2.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);

  prdg2.setCancelable(true);

  prdg2.setTitle("水平进度条对话框");

  prdg2.setMax(100);

  prdg2.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "确定",

  new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  });

  prdg2.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE, "取消",

  new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

  @Override

  public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

  }

  });

  prdg2.setMessage("正在下载");

  prdg2.show();

  new Thread(new Runnable() {

  @Override

  public void run() {

  int i = 0;

  while (i < 100) {

  try {

  Thread.sleep(100);

  prdg2.incrementProgressBy(1);

  i++;

  } catch (Exception e) {

  }

  }

  prdg2.dismiss();

  }

  }).start();

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  6.拖动对话框

  package com.example.learndialog;

  import android.app.Dialog;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.view.View;

  import android.widget.SeekBar;

  import android.widget.TextView;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  }

  public void SeekOnClick(View v){

  Dialog myDlg=new Dialog(MainActivity.this);

  myDlg.setTitle("拖动对话框:亮度调节");

  myDlg.setContentView(R.layout.seekbardlg);

  SeekBar sb=(SeekBar)myDlg.findViewById(R.id.seekBar);

  final TextView tv=(TextView)myDlg.findViewById(R.id.textView);

  sb.setMax(100);

  sb.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {

  @Override

  public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {

  tv.setText("当前亮度为:"+progress);

  }

  @Override

  public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

  }

  @Override

  public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {

  }

  });

  myDlg.show();

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  7.日期选择对话框

  package com.example.datepickerdialog;

  import android.app.DatePickerDialog;

  import android.icu.util.Calendar;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.widget.DatePicker;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Calendar c=Calendar.getInstance();

  DatePickerDialog dpd=new DatePickerDialog(MainActivity.this, new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {

  @Override

  public void onDateSet(DatePicker view, int year, int month, int day) {

  String st;

  st = String.valueOf(year) + "-" + String.valueOf(month) + "-" + String.valueOf(day);

  Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), st, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

  }

  },c.get(Calendar.YEAR),c.get(Calendar.MONTH),c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));

  dpd.show();

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  8.时间选择对话框

  package com.example.datepickerdialog;

  import android.app.DatePickerDialog;

  import android.app.TimePickerDialog;

  import android.icu.util.Calendar;

  import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

  import android.os.Bundle;

  import android.widget.DatePicker;

  import android.widget.TimePicker;

  import android.widget.Toast;

  public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  @Override

  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();

  new TimePickerDialog(this, new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {

  @Override

  public void onTimeSet(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {

  }

  },

  calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),

  calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE),

  true

  ).show();

  }

  }

  运行结果:

  以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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